AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone)

What is AMH

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a protein produced by small ovarian follicles. Its level in the blood reflects the so-called ovarian reserve — how many follicles remain. AMH is not linked to the phase of the menstrual cycle, so blood can be drawn on any day of the cycle.

AMH is one of the most important markers for assessing fertility and planning assisted reproduction procedures.

Reference Ranges

AMH values depend strongly on age — this is natural, as ovarian reserve declines with every passing year. Indicative ranges (ng/mL):

• High ovarian reserve: above 3.0 ng/mL
• Normal reserve: 1.0–3.0 ng/mL
• Diminished reserve: 0.5–1.0 ng/mL
• Very low reserve: below 0.5 ng/mL

These ranges are indicative. The laboratory reference and physician's assessment, taking into account age and clinical data, are most important.

Important to know: a high AMH does not mean better fertility — it is only an indicator of follicle count, not egg quality.

Why AMH May Be Low

Low AMH most commonly indicates diminished ovarian reserve. This is a natural process that accelerates after age 35. Other possible causes: previous surgical interventions on the ovaries (cyst removal), chemotherapy, endometriosis, or genetic factors.

Low AMH should not be interpreted as a diagnosis of infertility — women with low AMH can conceive naturally, but the fertility window may be shorter.

Why AMH May Be High

An unusually high AMH (above 5–6 ng/mL) may be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), where many small follicles accumulate in the ovaries. In PCOS, high AMH is often accompanied by irregular cycles, elevated testosterone, and insulin resistance.

In rare cases, a very high AMH may indicate a granulosa cell tumor.

What to Do Next

If AMH is below 1.0 ng/mL and you are planning a pregnancy, it is worth consulting a reproductive specialist as soon as possible. If AMH is normal but age is approaching 35, preventive monitoring helps plan for the future.

If AMH is high and there are cycle irregularities, a doctor may test for PCOS.

Monitoring Over Time

AMH naturally declines with age and has no seasonality. Repeating the test every 6–12 months allows monitoring of how quickly the reserve is decreasing. In the QbiLabs chart this is particularly visible — a sudden decline is more informative than a single value.

Questions for Your Doctor

1. Does my AMH level match the norm for my age? 2. Are additional fertility tests needed (follicle count by ultrasound)? 3. If AMH is low — is it worth considering egg freezing? 4. Could my high AMH indicate PCOS? 5. How often should I repeat the AMH test?

*This is not medical advice. Consult a doctor for any health-related decisions.*